Yeast infections are a common health concern, caused by the overgrowth of candida, a fungus normally present in small numbers in the vagina. When the balance of bacteria and yeast is disrupted, it can lead to an overgrowth and the development of symptoms. Various factors, such as certain antibiotics, can increase the risk of a yeast infection. Symptoms may include vaginal or penile discharge and painful urination.
In women, untreated yeast infections can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. Men might develop epididymitis, and untreated infections can cause neonatal blindness and life-threatening infections in newborns.
Pathogenesis involves the upset of the vaginal organism balance, leading to yeast overgrowth and vaginitis. Antibiotics can exacerbate this by killing lactobacilli, which normally protect against yeast. Moreover, using a contaminated douche or showerhead can introduce new infections, potentially leading to PID, decreased fertility, infertility, and ectopic pregnancies. The risk of forcing air inside the vagina during such practices, though rare, exists.
Symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection typically include burning, redness, itching, swelling of the vagina and vulva, thick white discharge without odor, and pain during intercourse or urination. These infections are often treatable with quick solutions, especially for first-time occurrences.
However, prolonged antibiotic use can cause yeast infections in the penis, and those with diabetes or immune-compromising conditions are more susceptible. While uncomfortable, yeast infections rarely cause serious health problems and often resolve on their own if left untreated.
Candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection, can affect the skin and mucous membranes. It’s more likely in warm, humid conditions or in those with weakened immune systems.
In conclusion, a vaginal yeast infection is a fungal infection causing irritation, discharge, and intense itchiness of the vagina and vulva. Symptoms can range from mild to moderate and typically include itching, irritation, and a burning sensation.
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