Sinusitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the sinuses, leading to symptoms like pain, pressure, and discomfort. It can be triggered by various factors, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, nasal allergies, and more. The main symptom of a sinus infection is painful pressure, which varies depending on which sinus is involved. Symptoms can include fatigue, cough, impaired sense of smell, fullness or pressure in the ears, or headache.
In the case of acute sinusitis, typically a viral infection, symptoms last 7 to 10 days. A bacterial infection may persist for up to 4 weeks. Chronic sinusitis, where symptoms continue for 12 weeks or more, can be agitated by colds, viral infections, or a compromised immune system.
Treatment for sinusitis often involves soothing the initial symptoms. Nasal rinses, decongestants, and pain relievers can help ease discomfort. However, it’s important to be cautious with oral decongestants, especially for those with high blood pressure, as they can cause jitters and increase blood pressure. Allergies can indirectly contribute to high blood pressure, particularly when using decongestants like pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Actifed) and phenylephrine (Sudafed PE), which constrict small blood vessels in the nose.
In some cases, minimally invasive surgery may help reduce the number and severity of sinus infections and sometimes restore normal sinus function. However, surgery isn’t a cure-all, as issues like polyps may reoccur.
Common causes of sinus infection include blockage of the sinus openings due to inflammation. Symptoms of polyps, which are associated with sinus infections, include stuffy nose, sinus pressure and pain, decreased smell and taste, and postnasal drip.
Post-nasal drip is a common issue, occurring due to allergies, viral infections, sinus infections, or irritants in the air. Less common causes include foreign objects in the nose (particularly in children), pregnancy, and certain medications.
For more detailed information on sinusitis, its symptoms, causes, and treatments, visit Harvard Health, Inflamed Sinuses: It’s Best to Watch and Wait, Sinusitis Leaving You Dazed and Confused?, Can Allergies Cause High Blood Pressure?, Don’t Let Decongestants Squeeze Your Heart, and Nasal & Sinus Diseases/Conditions We Treat.
