Sinusitis, commonly known as a sinus infection, occurs when the sinuses become swollen and inflamed. This condition can block sinus drainage, leading to an infection. The primary causes of sinusitis include viral infections, allergies, and in some cases, bacterial infections.

One significant cause of sinus blockage is swelling of the nasal passages, often triggered by the common cold or allergies. More severe cases of sinusitis can stem from structural issues like a deviated septum. This condition involves a misalignment in the partition separating the left and right nasal cavities.

Chronic sinusitis, which involves long-term or recurring sinus blockages and inflammation, may be attributed to allergies to substances like dust, mold, or pollen. People with allergic rhinitis or asthma are more susceptible to chronic sinusitis, which could also arise from infections, fungal growth, or in rare instances, an immune system deficiency. Nasal polyps or structural abnormalities in the nasal passages can also contribute to chronic sinusitis.

The symptoms of sinusitis often overlap with those of viral infections like COVID-19, the flu, respiratory syncytial virus, and the common cold. Common symptoms include fever, cough, headache, and loss of smell. It’s crucial to get tested for COVID-19 if these symptoms appear and consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis.

In adults, chronic sinusitis is frequently linked to nasal swelling caused by allergies. These allergies trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals, leading to the swelling of the nasal lining and obstructing sinus drainage.

Treating sinusitis often involves addressing the underlying cause, such as managing allergies or clearing blockages in the sinus passages. In some cases, antibiotics may be necessary, especially if a bacterial infection is present. However, most sinus symptoms result from viral infections or allergies, not bacterial infections.

For more detailed information on sinusitis, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options, you can visit the following sources: Harvard Health, Harvard University, Harvard Health, University Health Center, Keck Medicine of USC, and Harvard Health.

Remember, each case of sinusitis is different, so it’s important to consult your doctor for a personalized approach to treatment.