Fluid retention, also known as edema, is a condition where excess fluid accumulates in the body’s tissues, leading to swelling and discomfort. It can affect various parts of the body, including causing belly bloating and swollen ankles. Notably, fluid retention can be an early indicator of worsening heart failure. Regular monitoring of weight is crucial, as an increase of 2 or more pounds in a day can signal changes in the body’s fluid balance.

Harvard Health explains that low protein levels in the blood, often due to malnutrition, kidney, or liver disease, can lead to edema. Proteins like albumin help retain salt and water within blood vessels, preventing leakage into tissues. When albumin levels drop, fluid retention and edema, especially in the feet, ankles, and lower legs, occur.

Eating habits and lifestyle choices also play a significant role in water retention. For instance, diets high in sodium can lead to bloating, but other foods or behaviors might also contribute to excess gas and discomfort. The brain plays a crucial role in regulating the body’s fluid levels. The lamina terminalis, a central hub in the brain, controls fluid levels in response to dehydration or excess water intake.

Managing sodium intake is a practical approach to reducing water retention. The latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a maximum of 2300 milligrams of sodium per day. Surprisingly, not just table salt, but various other foods are high in sodium.

Beverage choices, such as carbonated sodas, can cause bloating due to gas getting trapped in the stomach. Vital Record suggests limiting soda intake and opting for healthier alternatives to alleviate bloating and belching.

Excess body water can lead to hyponatremia, where diluted blood sodium levels cause symptoms like confusion, nausea, and seizures. This condition is usually seen in people with kidney issues or those undergoing extreme physical stress.

In summary, water retention, a key aspect of edema, can be influenced by dietary choices, protein levels, and brain function. Understanding and managing these factors are essential for heart health and effective weight management.