Vaginal yeast infections, caused by the fungus Candida, are a common concern for many women, with about 75% experiencing it at some stage in their lives, particularly between puberty and menopause. These infections often arise when antibiotics, taken for other illnesses, disrupt the natural bacterial balance in the vagina, creating an environment where yeast thrives. Notably, Dr. Matthew Goldman emphasizes that antibiotic use can inadvertently kill healthy bacteria, leading to a proliferation of yeast.

Symptoms of a yeast infection are distinct, including itching, burning, redness, or swelling around the vaginal opening, coupled with a thick, white, clumpy discharge that generally lacks an odor. Importantly, yeast infections are not typically sexually transmitted and can be effectively treated with over-the-counter vaginal creams or suppositories.

Yeast infections occur when there is an overgrowth of yeast on the skin or other areas, which can happen due to skin damage, warm, humid conditions, or a weakened immune system. Factors that can upset the vagina’s normal balance of yeast include antibiotic use, pregnancy, and certain health conditions like diabetes. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is another related concern.

The most common symptoms of vaginal yeast infections encompass burning, redness, itching, and swelling of the vagina and vulva, as well as a thick, white discharge similar to cottage cheese, and pain during intercourse or urination. Treatment options are readily available for those experiencing their first yeast infection.

Vaginitis, another condition, involves inflammation of the vagina’s walls due to infection or irritants like bacteria, yeast, viruses, and chemicals. Its symptoms include pain, itching, burning, sores, and fluid discharge. Various treatments, including medication, are available for vaginitis.

Understanding the causes and symptoms of yeast infections is crucial for effective treatment and management. Candida, the fungus responsible for yeast infections, is normally present in small numbers in the vagina. However, when the balance of bacteria and yeast is disrupted, often due to antibiotic use, the yeast may overgrow, leading to symptoms. Factors increasing the risk of a yeast infection include certain antibiotics and conditions that alter the vaginal environment.

For more detailed information and guidance, you can visit the following resources:
University of Rochester Medical Center, Indiana University Student Health Center, Mayo Clinic, and Baylor College of Medicine.