Itching is a common and often uncomfortable condition, and understanding its causes can be crucial for finding relief. Several factors can lead to generalized itching, and changes in the body due to aging might be one of them. As Dr. Arndt explains, the skin barrier’s efficiency decreases with age, leading to increased skin absorption and potential irritation. Additionally, aging skin experiences changes in immune response, fat content, and blood flow.
Another surprising source of itching, particularly intense and driven by severe liver disease, was identified in a study published in Gastroenterology. Researchers discovered that the outer layer of the skin plays a significant role beyond just serving as insulation, suggesting new possible therapies for itching.
Hormonal changes during menopause and pregnancy can also cause skin dryness and itching, which may intensify at night. Furthermore, certain medications, including antibiotics, blood pressure pills, opioids, and diuretics, along with various skin care products like soaps, deodorants, or bug repellents, can contribute to this discomfort. In some cases, nighttime itching might indicate more serious health issues.
Understanding the nature of itch and how our body reacts to it is crucial. Common causes like allergies, insect bites, illnesses, and dry skin can lead to this sensation. For instance, a mosquito bite triggers histamine release, causing redness and itching. Antihistamines work by preventing histamine from binding to receptors in the skin. However, widespread itching is often linked to internal organ diseases.
To manage itchy skin, especially during dry winter months, certain steps can be taken. Avoiding scratching, wearing protective clothing, using a humidifier, and limiting bathing time can help. It’s recommended to use lukewarm water for bathing and apply moisturizer immediately afterward to lock in moisture. Opting for oil-based ointments and avoiding hot water and perfumed soaps can also prevent the skin’s oily layer from stripping away.
Tinea infections, caused by fungi, can affect any part of the body, including the feet, nails, and scalp, leading to ring-shaped red patches on the skin. Lastly, anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, can manifest with symptoms like intense itching, skin warmth, hives, and swelling.
For more detailed information on these topics, visit the following resources:
Harvard Health on General Itching Causes
Duke Research on Liver Disease-Induced Itching
Harvard Health on Nighttime Itching
Harvard Medical School on Itch and Brain
University of Rochester Medical on Tinea Infection
Harvard Health on Anaphylaxis
