Ear infections are a common health issue that can affect individuals of all ages, particularly children. These infections can be triggered by a variety of factors, including bacteria, viruses, and allergies. One type of ear infection, known as “swimmer’s ear,” develops from moisture that remains in the ear canal, creating a breeding ground for bacteria. This condition is more prevalent among swimmers, hence the name.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have shown that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect the inner ear, adding to the list of viruses such as cytomegalovirus, mumps, and hepatitis that have been known to potentially cause deafness. The research on how these viruses affect the inner ear is still evolving.

Chronic ear infections may present several symptoms, including hearing loss, a sense of fullness or pressure in the ear, pain, and sometimes tinnitus, which is a ringing sensation in one ear. Contrary to some beliefs, dizziness or balance issues are not typically associated with chronic ear infections.

Middle ear infections, also referred to as otitis media, can arise from congestion related to allergies or colds that block the Eustachian tube. This blockage can lead to fluid buildup and pressure, allowing bacteria or viruses to multiply and cause an infection.

Parents are often the first to detect signs of an ear infection in their children, as they may exhibit symptoms such as fever, irritability, and ear pain. While ear infections themselves are not contagious, the colds that often precede them are.

There are several types of middle ear infections, each presenting with its own set of symptoms and severity. Acute otitis media manifests quickly with swollen, red middle ear, accompanied by fever and hearing loss. Otitis media with effusion occurs when the initial infection subsides but fluid remains, sometimes without other significant symptoms.

Treatment for ear infections typically involves medicated antibiotic ear drops, and in more severe cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed. It’s essential to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.

For further information, visit the Mayo Clinic Health System, read about the SARS-CoV-2 virus infecting the inner ear at MIT News, explore chronic ear infection discussions at the University of Utah Health, or learn about otitis media at Harvard Health and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.