Heart valve disease is a significant health concern that affects the functioning of the heart valves, leading to serious complications if not treated. This condition can manifest in two primary forms: Leakage of the valve (regurgitation or insufficiency) and narrowing of the valve (stenosis).
Regurgitation or insufficiency occurs when the heart valve doesn’t close completely, causing blood to flow backward. This can result in reduced forward blood flow and potentially lead to volume overload in the heart. On the other hand, stenosis is characterized by the narrowing of the valve, which can impede blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. A notable example is aortic stenosis, a condition where the aortic valve becomes stiff and narrowed, posing a risk of heart failure and even sudden death, especially in older adults.
Symptoms of heart valve disease can vary, ranging from fluid retention (manifesting as swollen ankles, belly bloating, persistent coughing, and fatigue) to more severe signs like heart failure. Monitoring changes in body weight is crucial, as an increase of two or more pounds in a day can indicate worsening heart failure due to fluid retention.
Treatment for heart valve disease often depends on the underlying cause and severity. In cases related to coronary artery disease, interventions like medications, angioplasty, or surgery may be necessary. For heart failure caused by valve malfunction, surgical repair or valve replacement might be advised. Additionally, lifestyle adjustments like weight loss or avoiding alcohol can significantly improve symptoms in some patients.
To further explore the topic of heart valve disease, including its symptoms and treatment options, visit the following resources: University of Rochester Fluid Retention, Harvard Health on Fluid Retention, Harvard Health on Aortic Valve Causes, and more.
Heart valve disease, while a serious health issue, can be managed effectively with the right medical intervention and lifestyle modifications. It’s essential for individuals to recognize the symptoms early and seek medical advice for timely treatment.