Medical shock is a critical condition resulting from the circulatory system’s failure to adequately perfuse tissues with oxygenated blood. Ben Tettlebaum, a NOLS Wilderness Medicine Instructor, explains that shock can occur when there is an issue with the heart, blood vessels, or blood.

Hypovolemic shock, as described on CVRTI, occurs from the loss of 15% or more of the body’s blood or fluid supply, often due to dehydration, diarrhea, or other conditions that cause fluid loss without necessarily involving blood loss. In contrast, hemorrhagic shock results from trauma and severe blood loss. It reduces tissue blood flow, depriving cells of nutrients and oxygen, leading to a critical state for both the cells and the body.

Toxic shock syndrome, as mentioned by Harvard Health, is a rare, life-threatening illness caused by certain bacteria. These bacteria produce toxins that result in a severe drop in blood pressure and organ failure.

Cardiogenic shock, outlined on CVRTI, occurs when the heart can no longer effectively circulate blood and oxygen throughout the body, often following a severe heart attack. Other causes can include heart failure, injury, internal bleeding, or blood clots.

Electric hazards can also lead to shock, as discussed in “20.6 Electric Hazards and the Human Body” from College Physics. An electric current passing through the body can cause muscular contractions, which in severe cases can lead to shock.

Treatment for shock may involve stopping blood loss, assisting with breathing possibly using a breathing machine, and addressing the underlying cause. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.