Candidiasis, often known as thrush when it affects the mouth, is a common infection in children caused by the yeast Candida. This yeast is naturally present on the skin and in the mouth, but certain conditions can lead to an overgrowth, resulting in an infection. In infants, a thrush infection can also be associated with a yeast infection in the diaper area.
The risk factors for candidiasis include humid weather, prolonged time between diaper changes, and other factors. Additionally, it is easily treatable with medications such as creams, suppositories, or mouthwash. Preventative measures include keeping the skin dry, changing diapers frequently, and using antibiotics judiciously.
Thrush can be contracted from a mother with a yeast infection during birth, from prolonged use of antibiotics, inhaled corticosteroids (like those used for asthma), frequent pacifier use, or in those with weakened immune systems. While most people recover from these infections, they can be more severe in newborns or individuals with compromised immune systems.
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Rochester Medical Center, and Harvard Health provide comprehensive insights into the causes, symptoms, and treatments of thrush in children.
Symptoms of thrush include whitish sores inside the cheeks, on the tongue, and in the back of the throat. Some may experience a loss of taste or pain when swallowing. For individuals with dentures, thrush can be a serious issue due to the moist environment they create.
A yeast infection can occur if the skin is damaged or in warm, humid conditions. An overgrowth of yeast can also result from a weakened immune system or taking antibiotics, which disrupt the balance of healthy bacteria that normally keep yeast in check.
Candida fungi, particularly Candida albicans, are ubiquitous in the environment. They can live harmlessly alongside the native species of bacteria that colonize the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. However, when the balance is disrupted, Candida can overgrow and cause infections.
Understanding the risk factors and symptoms of thrush and candidiasis in children is essential for timely treatment and prevention.