Itching can be an annoying, uncomfortable sensation, and its causes are as varied as its remedies. Factors such as aging can alter skin conditions, leading to itching as the skin barrier’s function declines, allowing irritants to affect the body more readily. Immune system cells like mast cells, basophils, and helper T cells are identified as “key makers” in the itch sensation, playing a role in inflammation and allergic reactions. Hormonal changes during menopause and pregnancy can also make skin dry and itchy, which might intensify at night. Medications, including antibiotics, blood pressure pills, opioids, and diuretics, are potential culprits, along with personal care products like soaps and deodorants.

In some cases, a severe itch can signal internal organ diseases, such as liver disease, where the itch originates from a surprising source beyond the skin’s surface. A light touch can spur severe itching, which is related to the density of touch receptors in the skin. Conditions like eczema or atopic dermatitis, termed “the itch that rashes,” often begin with an itch that persists even before a rash develops.

To combat dry, itchy winter skin, one should avoid scratching, wear protective clothing outdoors, use a humidifier, limit bathing time, and moisturize frequently with an oil-based ointment. It’s essential to avoid hot water and perfumed soaps that can strip away the skin’s protective oily layer.

For further information on itching causes and treatments, refer to the detailed articles provided by Harvard Health, Harvard Science in the News, Harvard Health, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Gazette, Duke Today, and Washington University School of Medicine. These resources can provide further insight into this common but complex sensation.